Igneous Rocks

Lava stone is a type of igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of lava that is rich in magnesium and iron. This cooling...

Tonalite is a type of intrusive igneous rock that belongs to the granodiorite suite of rocks. It is characterized by its composition, which is...

Basalt is the most common rock on Earth’s surface. Specimens are black in color and weather to dark green or brown. Basalt is rich in iron and magnesium and is mainly composed of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase. Most specimens are compact, fine-grained, and glassy. They can also be porphyritic, with phenocrysts of olivine, augite, or plagioclase. Holes left by gas bubbles can give basalt a coarsely porous texture.

Pillow lava is a type of basaltic lava that forms underwater, typically in the ocean. It gets its name from the characteristic pillow-like shapes...

Tuff rock, also simply known as "tuff," is a type of sedimentary rock that forms from the consolidation of volcanic ash and other volcanic...

Larvikite is a unique and visually striking igneous rock that belongs to the family of feldspar-rich plutonic rocks known as syenites. It is primarily...

Volcanic bomb is pyroclastic rock that is a cooling of a mass of lava it flies thorough the air after eruption. If it is...

Trachyte, light-coloured, very fine-grained extrusive igneous rock that is composed chiefly of alkali feldspar with minor amounts of dark-coloured minerals such as biotite, amphibole, or pyroxene. Compositionally, trachyte is the volcanic equivalent of the plutonic (intrusive) rock syenite. Most trachytes show porphyritic texture in which abundant,

Pumice is a volcanic rock that consists of highly vesicular rough textural rock glass. It generally light colored. It is created when gas-saturated liquid...

Scoria is a type of volcanic rock that forms from the solidification of molten lava. It is commonly found around and on the surface...

Tinguaite is a type of volcanic rock, primarily composed of nepheline and alkali feldspar, with lesser amounts of other minerals such as amphibole, biotite,...

Llanite is a rare type of igneous rock that is primarily composed of blue quartz, potassium feldspar (orthoclase), and biotite mica. It is known...