Hydrothermal Alteration
What is alteration?
Alteration refers to a change in the physical or chemical properties of rocks and minerals. In geology, alteration is a common...
Porphyry Deposits
Porphyry deposits are a type of mineral deposit that form from large-scale hydrothermal systems associated with intrusive igneous rocks. They are characterized by the...
Mineral Deposits
Mineral deposits are accumulations of valuable minerals that are of economic interest to humans. These deposits can be found in a variety of geological...
Ore Bearing Hydrothermal Fluids
Ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids are fluids that are enriched in minerals and metals, and play an important role in the formation of many types of...
Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (VMS) Deposits
Volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits are a type of mineral deposit that forms on or below the seafloor as a result of volcanic and...
Skarn deposits
Skarn deposits are a type of ore deposit formed by metasomatic replacement in carbonate rocks, typically limestone or dolomite. They are characterized by their...
Vein deposits
Vein deposits are a type of mineral deposit that consist of a localized zone of fracture-filling minerals. They typically form within fractures or fissures...
Hydrothermal deposits
Hydrothermal deposits are mineral deposits that are formed from the precipitation of minerals dissolved in hot water that circulates through rocks. Hydrothermal fluids are...
Sedimentary deposits
Sedimentary deposits are mineral deposits that are formed through the accumulation of sediments on or near the Earth's surface. These deposits can contain a...
Magmatic deposits
Magmatic deposits are mineral deposits that are associated with igneous rocks, such as granite, gabbro, and basalt. They are formed by the cooling and...
Banded Iron Formations (BIFs)
Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) are distinctive units of sedimentary rocks composed of alternating layers of iron-rich minerals, mainly hematite and magnetite, and silica-rich minerals...
Lateritic Deposits
Lateritic deposits are a type of weathering product that forms in tropical and subtropical regions through the process of laterization. Laterization involves the leaching...
